Assessment of Major and Trace Elements in Drinking Groundwater in Bisha Area, Saudi Arabia

Table 2

Concentrations (mg/L) of the major elements mean ± SD (n = 3), in 23 groundwater samples.

Sample name	Na	Mg	K	Ca
Bisha South 1	65.90 ± 3.02	33.37 ± 0.91	7.23 ± 0.30	75.69 ± 4.15
Bisha South 2	64.46 ± 1.34	35.73 ± 0.67	20.66 ± 1.12	74.41 ± 4.42
Bisha South 4	73.38 ± 1.55	40.06 ± 0.19	9.20 ± 0.79	73.93 ± 4.22
Bisha South 5	72.00 ± 3.41	41.16 ± 4.88	8.75 ± 0.87	74.86 ± 5.54
Bisha North 1	30.40 ± 1.09	12.44 ± 0.92	5.66 ± 0.50	61.40 ± 2.20
Bisha North 2	32.49 ± 1.77	12.83 ± 0.18	5.84 ± 0.46	60.79 ± 2.07
Bisha North 3	30.95 ± 0.11	12.31 ± 0.13	5.68 ± 0.15	57.77 ± 1.16
Bisha North 4	31.21 ± 0.86	12.69 ± 0.52	5.65 ± 0.27	58.10 ± 2.83
Bisha North 5	8.04 ± 0.59	430.00 ± 0.57	215.00 ± 0.17	200.00 ± 2.19
Hassan	997.34 ± 19.35	141.56 ± 8.57	4.37 ± 0.26	449.29 ± 20.73
Niaam	42.61 ± 1.20	9.02 ± 0.53	5.14 ± 0.19	58.10 ± 1.87
Tathlith-2	79.82 ± 4.82	47.25 ± 4.14	9.40 ± 0.84	161.14 ± 17.36
Alalyani	1282.58 ± 118.46	309.24 ± 28.59	11.00 ± 1.36	1040.14 ± 103.30
Damakh	277.96 ± 12.74	61.05 ± 1.40	9.69 ± 0.24	349.05 ± 18.81
Sadd Jazan	158.64 ± 3.90	26.95 ± 1.80	10.84 ± 0.64	95.63 ± 3.13
Alain Alhara	572.99 ± 11.73	9.10 ± 0.64	20.48 ± 0.85	142.69 ± 4.91
Tathlith-1	72.27 ± 1.36	40.74 ± 0.82	8.62 ± 0.14	134.79 ± 6.81
Tumnia	12.63 ± 0.39	4.69 ± 0.20	3.07 ± 0.42	35.95 ± 2.38
Bish Althunia	1093.42 ± 10.45	168.00 ± 3.98	9.30 ± 0.13	522.83 ± 8.93
Sahl	817.14 ± 39.53	155.75 ± 8.01	10.37 ± 0.89	521.01 ± 27.21
Shahrani	53.95 ± 3.13	15.60 ± 0.76	6.20 ± 0.26	73.98 ± 2.42
Bisha Thunia 1	291.40 ± 22.59	93.92 ± 6.52	14.30 ± 1.49	268.38 ± 14.18
Aboy	974.07 ± 28.79	249.17 ± 5.89	3.98 ± 0.19	770.39 ± 19.11
Guideline value^#	300	30–150^&	NA	200^&

Two samples were missed. ^#Set by WHO [6]. ^&Set by SASO [21].