Research Article
Assessment of Major and Trace Elements in Drinking Groundwater in Bisha Area, Saudi Arabia
Table 3
Concentrations (μg/L) of the 15 elements measured in 25 samples of groundwater (n = 3; mean ± SD).
| | Sample name | V | Cr | Mn | Co | Ni | Cu | Sample name | Zn | As | Se | Cd | Pb |
| | Bish S 1 | 6.19 ± 0.19 | 0.46 ± 0.06 | 0.32 ± 0.04 | 0.04 ± 0.00 | 0.33 ± 0.01 | 0.24 ± 0.01 | Bish S 1 | 2.92 ± 0.15 | 0.88 ± 0.09 | 4.32 ± 0.41 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.25 ± 0.00 | | Bish S 2 | 6.21 ± 0.09 | 0.46 ± 0.02 | 0.43 ± 0.03 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.36 ± 0.02 | 0.24 ± 0.00 | Bish S 2 | 3.16 ± 0.09 | 0.76 ± 0.01 | 4.26 ± 0.25 | 0.19 ± 0.04 | 0.33 ± 0.02 | | Bish S 3 | 6.05 ± 0.07 | 0.49 ± 0.01 | 0.26 ± 0.07 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.38 ± 0.02 | 0.18 ± 0.01 | Bish S 3 | 3.14 ± 0.09 | 0.83 ± 0.13 | 4.18 ± 0.19 | 0.07 ± 0.04 | 0.29 ± 0.03 | | Bish S 4 | 6.25 ± 0.14 | 0.47 ± 0.03 | 0.50 ± 0.04 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.39 ± 0.03 | 0.23 ± 0.02 | Bish S 4 | 3.16 ± 0.12 | 0.79 ± 0.08 | 4.08 ± 0.51 | 0.04 ± 0.00 | 0.35 ± 0.01 | | Bish S 5 | 6.29 ± 0.19 | 0.49 ± 0.02 | 0.34 ± 0.04 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.36 ± 0.05 | 0.20 ± 0.01 | Bish S 5 | 3.30 ± 0.24 | 0.86 ± 0.08 | 4.79 ± 0.57 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.31 ± 0.02 | | Bish N 1 | 6.71 ± 0.21 | 0.76 ± 0.00 | 1.32 ± 0.05 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 1.09 ± 0.03 | 0.45 ± 0.02 | Bish N 1 | 7.42 ± 0.26 | 0.99 ± 0.09 | 2.83 ± 0.42 | 0.49 ± 0.03 | 0.98 ± 0.01 | | Bish N 2 | 6.75 ± 0.17 | 0.56 ± 0.02 | 0.45 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.40 ± 0.03 | 0.21 ± 0.02 | Bish N 2 | 3.71 ± 0.36 | 0.99 ± 0.08 | 2.37 ± 0.20 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 0.31 ± 0.01 | | Bish N 3 | 6.79 ± 0.06 | 0.56 ± 0.02 | 0.51 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.38 ± 0.04 | 0.20 ± 0.00 | Bish N 3 | 3.74 ± 0.32 | 1.05 ± 0.03 | 2.92 ± 0.09 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.28 ± 0.01 | | Bish N 4 | 6.75 ± 0.27 | 0.62 ± 0.04 | 0.75 ± 0.06 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.49 ± 0.04 | 0.28 ± 0.02 | Bish N 4 | 4.06 ± 0.05 | 0.99 ± 0.09 | 2.47 ± 0.44 | 0.19 ± 0.01 | 0.54 ± 0.02 | | Bish N 5 | 6.70 ± 0.15 | 0.71 ± 0.07 | 1.06 ± 0.02 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.79 ± 0.09 | 0.34 ± 0.04 | Bish N 5 | 6.88 ± 0.16 | 0.95 ± 0.02 | 2.12 ± 0.57 | 1.15 ± 0.06 | 1.24 ± 0.04 | | Hassan | 3.76 ± 0.12 | 0.79 ± 0.04 | 0.69 ± 0.05 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.59 ± 0.03 | 0.47 ± 0.03 | Hassan | 23.81 ± 0.95 | 1.23 ± 0.02 | 55.30 ± 1.44 | 0.23 ± 0.02 | 0.31 ± 0.01 | | Hajes | 4.25 ± 0.07 | 0.22 ± 0.03 | 0.25 ± 0.03 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.34 ± 0.05 | 0.14 ± 0.03 | Hajes | 2.56 ± 0.18 | 1.16 ± 0.02 | 26.57 ± 2.08 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.26 ± 0.00 | | Niaam | 0.84 ± 0.04 | 0.24 ± 0.01 | 0.75 ± 0.05 | 0.04 ± 0.00 | 1.04 ± 0.04 | 0.36 ± 0.02 | Niaam | 63.92 ± 2.27 | 0.68 ± 0.04 | 2.96 ± 0.13 | 0.19 ± 0.02 | 0.34 ± 0.01 | | Tathlith-2 | 5.58 ± 0.17 | 0.38 ± 0.02 | 0.38 ± 0.03 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.81 ± 0.04 | 0.44 ± 0.01 | Tathlith-2 | 5.69 ± 0.35 | 0.73 ± 0.05 | 6.20 ± 0.45 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.38 ± 0.02 | | Alalyani | 6.94 ± 0.14 | 0.25 ± 0.02 | 0.65 ± 0.04 | 0.07 ± 0.00 | 0.63 ± 0.01 | 0.25 ± 0.03 | Alalyani | 2.88 ± 0.12 | 0.28 ± 0.02 | 121.13 ± 2.95 | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 0.35 ± 0.01 | | Damakh | 3.52 ± 0.07 | 1.03 ± 0.07 | 0.35 ± 0.01 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.43 ± 0.03 | 0.20 ± 0.02 | Tathlith-1 | 9.20 ± 0.87 | 0.67 ± 0.05 | 6.16 ± 1.15 | 0.14 ± 0.02 | 0.42 ± 0.01 | | Sad Jazan | 2.76 ± 0.08 | 0.23 ± 0.03 | 0.60 ± 0.06 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.87 ± 0.01 | 0.79 ± 0.01 | Sad Jazan | 4.03 ± 0.18 | 0.84 ± 0.06 | 7.79 ± 0.89 | 0.10 ± 0.02 | 0.31 ± 0.01 | | Alainlhara | 0.44 ± 0.07 | 0.30 ± 0.01 | 28.88 ± .61 | 0.06 ± 0.00 | 0.86 ± 0.01 | 2.67 ± 0.11 | Alainlhara | 11.39 ± 0.57 | 1.53 ± 0.09 | 14.21 ± 0.04 | 0.09 ± 0.03 | 0.98 ± 0.10 | | Tathlith-1 | 5.52 ± 0.07 | 0.42 ± 0.02 | 0.61 ± 0.02 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.53 ± 0.01 | 0.25 ± 0.01 | Tamnia | 8.17 ± 0.06 | 0.07 ± 0.03 | 2.47 ± 0.04 | 0.29 ± 0.04 | 0.41 ± 0.00 | | Tumnia | 0.61 ± 0.02 | 0.22 ± 0.01 | 0.59 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.53 ± 0.02 | 0.21 ± 0.02 | Damakh | 5.30 ± 0.47 | 1.56 ± 0.05 | 16.82 ± 1.78 | 0.18 ± 0.03 | 0.38 ± 0.01 | | Bishthunia | 11.6 ± .52 | 0.37 ± 0.04 | 0.20 ± 0.03 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.38 ± 0.03 | 0.21 ± 0.02 | Bishthunia | 6.29 ± 0.22 | 0.55 ± 0.04 | 72.19 ± 1.28 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.32 ± 0.01 | | Sahl | 4.07 ± 0.17 | 0.26 ± 0.02 | 1.08 ± 0.01 | 0.08 ± 0.00 | 1.65 ± 0.04 | 0.82 ± 0.04 | Sahl | 10.62 ± 0.42 | 2.19 ± 0.15 | 53.65 ± 2.06 | 0.48 ± 0.02 | 1.91 ± 0.00 | | Shahrani | 3.89 ± 0.18 | 0.44 ± 0.01 | 0.30 ± 0.03 | 0.02 ± 0.00 | 0.48 ± 0.07 | 0.15 ± 0.01 | Shahrani | 4.72 ± 0.03 | 0.49 ± 0.06 | 16.23 ± 0.69 | 0.71 ± 0.18 | 0.50 ± 0.01 | | Bishthunian-1 | 7.10 ± 0.12 | 1.14 ± 0.07 | 1.64 ± 0.12 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.92 ± 0.02 | 0.37 ± 0.02 | Bishthunian-1 | 5.42 ± 0.12 | 1.23 ± 0.06 | 7.32 ± 0.59 | 1.84 ± 0.07 | 3.55 ± 0.01 | | Aboy | 5.13 ± 0.03 | 1.03 ± 0.02 | 0.43 ± 0.02 | 0.06 ± 0.00 | 0.80 ± 0.06 | 0.22 ± 0.02 | Aboy | 3.89 ± 0.09 | 1.47 ± 0.07 | 152.84 ± 5.11 | 0.37 ± 0.07 | 1.40 ± 0.03 | | Guideline value# | NA | 50 | 400 | NA | 70 | 2000 | Guideline value# | 3000 | 10 | 40 | 3 | 10 |
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