Continuous Adsorption Modeling and Fixed Bed Column Studies: Adsorption of Tannery Wastewater Pollutants Using Beach Sand

Table 2

Sand infrared bands and their assignments.

Natural sand position (cm^−1)	Loaded sand position (cm^−1)	Assignments	Reference
3419.60	3427.62	OH group stretch vibration	[18, 32, 33]
2922.88	2924.36	C–H asymmetrical stretching vibrations	[25, 32, 34]
2519.05	2518.98	C–H asymmetrical stretching vibration	[25]
1797.17	1796.91	Typical vibration of the OH stretching group	[3]
—	1620.91	OH group stretch vibration	[18]
1450.90	1452.76	CO3 stretching of calcite	[3, 35]
1082.85	1083.32	Valence vibration of the Si–O–Si bond	[18, 23, 32]
874.56	874.60	CO3 stretching of calcite	[35]
779.91	780.64	O–Si–O stretching	[25]
712.48	712.55	O–Si–O stretching	[25]
469.17	469.92	Valence vibration of the Si–O–Si bond	[25]