| | Compound | Cell line and IC50 | Targeting pathways | Ref. |
| | Polyphyllin D | HepG2 (4.01 uM, 24 h) | Fas and JNK pathways; p53-Bax/Bcl-2 and p53-p21-cyclin E/CDK2 pathways; NF-kB and MMP-9 | [21] | | Bel-7402 (4.74 uM, 24 h) | [25,26] | | PC-9 (2.69 μg/ml, 48 h) | Bcl-2/Bax | [34] | | PC-9-ZD (2.51 μg/ml, 24 h; 2.07 μg/ml, 48 h; 1.53 μg/ml, 72 h) | Bax/Bcl-2-caspase-3 | [35] | | Hela (2.62 μM, 24 h) | Bcl-2/Bax-caspase-3/9 | [36] |
| | Pb/formosanin C | HepG2 (13.62 ug/mL, 24 h; 3.29 ug/mL, 48 h) | NMR metabolic pathways | [22] | | Bel-7402 (4.36 uM, 24 h) | p53-Bax/Bcl-2 and p53-p21-cyclin E/CDK2 pathways; NF-kB and MMP-9 | [25,26] | | SKOV3 (20.99 uM,24 h; 10.44 uM, 48 h; 8.83 uM, 72 h) | NF-κB-VEGF and NF-κB-Bcl-2/Bcl-xL | [27] | | CaSki (5.7 μM), SiHa (3.7 μM), HEC-1A (2.1 μM), and A549 (4.0 μM) | Bax-caspase-3/9 and ERK/Bcl-2 | [28] | | HOC-7 (6.44 uM, 48 h) | VEGF | [30] | | NCI–H460 (2.0 μM, 48 h) and NCI–H520 (1.6 μM, 48 h) | JNK pathway | [32] |
| | Compound 1 | HepG2 (2.35 uM, 48 h) | Mitochondrial apoptotic, CDK1, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK pathways | [23] | | MCF-7 (2.59 uM, 48 h) | | | PC-3 (4.76 uM, 48 h) | | |
| | Polyphyllin VII | HepG2 (1.77 uM, 48 h), | Mitochondrial apoptotic, CDK1, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK pathways | [23] | | MCF-7 (2.71 uM, 48 h), | | | PC-3 (4.67 uM, 48 h) | | | | A2780 (3.0 μM, 24 h) and SKOV3 (3.0 μM, 24 h) | PP2A/AKT/DRP1 signaling axis | [29] |
| | Polyphyllin VI | SCC-15 (25.80 μM, 24 h; 21.22 μM, 48 h; 19.57 μM, 72 h) | p38/p53 and caspase 3/8 pathways | [38] |
| | Paris saponin H | U251 (100 μg/ml, 48 h) | ARA1/ARA3 and Akt/MAPK | [40] |
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