Osteogenic Activity of Lupeol Isolated from Clinacanthus nutans Lindau: Activity and Mode of Action

Figure 7

Lupeol enhanced expression of protein markers on the MAPK pathway in MC3T3-E1 cells (a). The data presented for p-ERK and p-p38 were normalized with β-actin and presented as ratio relative to the area density of ERK and p38, respectively, by using ImageJ software (b). Cells treated with 10 µg/mL lupeol or untreated as the control (untreated). Total proteins were extracted and electrophoresed with equal concentrations for the Western blot analysis. Specific antibodies for proteins in the MAPK pathway, including ERK, p-ERK, p38, and p-p38, were used to detect protein expressions with β-actin as a loading control. Each bar indicates means ± SD n = 3;  ≤ 0.05.

(a)

(b)