Synthesis, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Molecular Modeling Studies of Novel [2,3′-Biquinoline]-4-Carboxylic Acid and Quinoline-3-Carbaldehyde Analogs

Table 1

The antibacterial activity of the synthetic compounds.

Compounds	Concentration (μg/μL)	Zone of inhibition in mm
		Staphylococcus aureus	Streptococcus pyogenes	Escherichia coli	Pseudomonas aeruginosa
4	0.10	11.0 ± 1.0^Aa	11.0 ± 1.0^Bb	12.7 ± 2.5^Ca	15.7 ± 1.5^Da
	0.20	12.3 ± 0.58^A	13.7 ± 0.58^Bb	13.0 ± 2.0^C	19.3 ± 3.1^D
7	0.10	10.3 ± 0.58^Aa	10.0 ± 0.0^Bc	9.7 ± 2.5^C	11.3 ± 2.3^Db
	0.20	13.0 ± 1.7^Aa	13.3 ± 2.1^B	12.7 ± 1.2^C	19.7 ± 1.5^D
9	0.10	11.0 ± 3.0^Aa	10.3 ± 1.2^BD	14.3 ± 1.5^Cb	12.0 ± 2.0^D
	0.20	14.3 ± 1.5^Aa	12.3 ± 1.2^B	14.0 ± 1.5^C	20.7 ± 1.5^D
10	0.10	11.0 ± 1.0^A	11.0 ± 1.0^B	13.7 ± 2.51^C	14.0 ± 1.0^D
	0.20	15.7 ± 0.58^A	11.0 ± 1.7^B	16.0 ± 1.7^C	19.7 ± 1.5^D
12	0.10	0.0 ± 0.0^a	0^bc	0^ab	0^ab
	0.20	7.0 ± 0.0^a	0^bc	7.0 ± 0.0^ab	0^ab
15	0.10	8.33 ± 0.58^A	7.0 ± 0.0^bD	7.0 ± 0.58^C	7.33 ± 0.58^ab
	0.20	9.67 ± 0.58^A	8.33 ± 0.58^bD	8.67 ± 0.58^C	9.67 ± 0.58^ab
17	0.10	9.7 ± 2.3^A	0bc	9.0 ± 1.0^C	0^ab
	0.20	10.7 ± 2.1^A	0^bc	9.7 ± 2.9^C	9.3 ± 2.1^ab
20	0.10	12.7 ± 0.58^A	8.7 ± 2.1^B	13.7 ± 2.5^C	13.3 ± 1.5^D
	0.20	13.3 ± 1.5^A	11.0 ± 0.0^B	14.7 ± 2.1^C	19.7 ± 1.5^D
21	0.10	0^a	0^bc	0^b	0^ab
	0.20	0^a	0^bc	7.7 ± 0.58^C	0^ab
Ciprofloxacin	0.10	14.7 ± 0.58^A	14.7 ± 0.58^Bc	14.3 ± 0.58^Cb	19.0 ± 0.0^Da
	0.20	16.33 ± 0.58^A	16.0 ± 0.0^Bb	14.3 ± 2.1^Cc	22.0 ± 1.0^Db
DMSO	0	0	0	0	0

0 = inhibition zone was not observed. Mean zone of inhibition in mm (mean ± S.D) n = 3.