Ethnobotanical Uses, Chemical Constituents, and Application of Plantago lanceolata L.

Table 2

Antioxidant behaviors of different parts of the plant.

Plant’s part (s)	Solvent used	Concentration of solvent	Response to antioxidant assay	Reference
Whole plant	Ethanol	80%	1100 μmol Fe^2+/g DW in FRAP, and for ORAC, it is 3500 μmol TE/g DW	[38]
	Mixture of methanol and hydrochloric acid	80%:1%	For FRAP =201.4 μmol Fe^2+/g DW and for ORAC = 930.5 μmol TE/g DW,	[4]
Aerial	Methanol	80%	IC50 = 4.20 μg/ml in DPPH, IC50 = 236.12 μg/ml in hydroxyl radical scavenging, IC50 = 23.85 superoxide anion scavenging IC50 = 24.83 for lipid peroxidation.	[21]
	Ethanol	80%	1100 μmol Fe^2+/g DW in FRAP and 3500 μmol TE/g DW for ORAC	[38]
	Mixture of methanol and water	40%:1%	IC50 = 24.83 mg/mL in lipid; Peroxidation & FRAP= 109.80 mg of AAE/g of DW	[21]
Leaves	Acetonitrile	30%	DPPH radical inhibition at 25 μg/ml is 12.77% to 15.78%	[39]
	Mixture of methanol with hydrochloric acid	80%:1%	130.4 μmol Fe^2+/g DW	[4]
	Water and dilute hydrochloric acid	…..	29.39 = DPPH in %, 137.83 in FRAP μM TE/5 mg	[40]
Root	Methanol and hydrochloric acid	80%:1%	190.1 μmol Fe^2+/g DW	[4]
Fruit		80%:1%	255.2 μmol Fe^2+/g DW
Seeds	Methanol (60%)	60%	118.58 in μmol TE/g in DPPH 499.53 μmol TE/g in hydroxyl radical scavenging assays 27.00 μmol QE/g in cellular antioxidant activity assay	[41]
Flower	Methanol and hydrochloric acid	80%:1%	369.1 μmol Fe^2+/g DW	[4]