An Investigation for Heavy Metals’ Contamination in Farmers’ Fingernails: Case Study in Libya

Table 12

Meta-analysis of heavy metals (As, Cd, and Pb) levels in farmers’ fingernail samples.

Heavy metal	Present study	Other studies
	Libya	Qatar [62]	Malaysia [60]	Carolina, US [61]
As (μgg^−1)	3.016 ± 1.857	0.26 (0.04–5.73)	7.801 ± 3.184	13.23 (11.11–15.35)
Cd (μgg^−1)	9.059 ± 4.026	0.03 (<0.01–0.27)	0.874 ± 0.746	0.20 (0.81–0.21)
Pb (μgg^−1)	11.322 ± 3.785	0.51 (0.10–11)	6.611 ± 5.170	1.26 (1.08–1.43)

(): results are expressed as mean ± SD. (): results are expressed as mean and range.