| | Features | Models | Modulation schemes | Lower bound SNR (dB) | % of identification |
| | Variance of HWT magnitude and
normalized HWT magnitude | Hong and Ho [14] | QPSK,
4FSK, 16QAM | 5 | 97% | | Mean and Variance of complex Shannon WT magnitude | Pavlík [15] | BPSK, CPFSK, MSK | 8 | 93.1% | | Mean, variance, and correlation coefficient of the received
signal | Le Guen and Mansour [17] | ASK2, ASK4, PSK2, PSK4, FSK2, FSK4 | 12 | Not mentioned | | DFT of phase PDF | Sapiano et al. [18] | BPSK,
QPSK, 8PSK | 10 | 92% | | Variance of WT magnitude | Ho et al. [19] | BPSK,
QPSK, 8PSK, 2FSK, 4FSK, 8FSK, MSK | 6 | 96% | | Fourth- and second-order moments of the received signal | Martret and Boiteau [20] | QPSK,
16QAM | 5 | 95% | | Eighth-order cyclic cumulants of
the received signal | Dobre et al. [21] | BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK, 4ASK, 8ASK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM | 9 | 95% | | Histogram peaks in WT
magnitude and mean & variance of normalized histogram | Proposed system | BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK, 16PSK, 2QAM, 4QAM, 8QAM, 16QAM, GMSK, MFSK | 5 | 96.8% |
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