Energy Efficiency Analysis of Antenna Selection Techniques in Massive MIMO-OFDM System with Hardware Impairments

<div>Energy efficiency of the massive MIMO-OFDM channel versus the SNR for per-subcarrier selection and bulk antenna selection techniques using various hardware impairments (kappa = 0, 0.05<sup>2</sup>, and 0.1<sup>2</sup>) at total circuit power (<svg height="12.7178pt" id="M78" style="vertical-align:-3.42947pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 27.3105 12.7178" width="27.3105pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M529 97L508 118C475 75 449 58 438 58C428 58 421 66 415 104C393 234 374 403 364 496C345 670 307 712 254 712C220 712 174 691 153 669L161 645C176 653 194 658 206 658C237 658 261 640 278 562C287 522 290 483 293 434C223 269 110 105 23 9L32 -12C59 -6 85 0 108 7C152 64 251 252 300 366C307 297 315 221 337 82C346 24 363 -12 393 -12C425 -12 475 13 529 97Z" id="g113-233"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.079,0)"><path d="M535 230V280H323V490H265V280H52V230H265V-3H323V230H535Z" id="g117-36"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,20.616,0)"><path d="M478 372C478 418 458 448 431 448C409 448 389 431 389 410C389 404 391 400 394 395C398 388 406 371 406 348C406 253 308 122 251 51H249C254 122 249 257 231 336C212 421 189 448 159 448C126 448 75 412 23 327L48 306C83 354 103 371 115 371C125 371 134 360 144 334C185 224 192 64 183 -19C146 -100 116 -202 110 -244L125 -261C154 -259 208 -234 222 -220C222 -194 225 -84 235 -23C247 -3 273 36 308 79C379 165 478 288 478 372Z" id="g113-225"></path></g></svg> = 0.02 <i>µ</i>J/channel user).</div>

Journal of Computer Networks and Communications

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Figure 6

Figure 6: Energy Efficiency Analysis of Antenna Selection Techniques in Massive MIMO-OFDM System with Hardware Impairments 