Model Predictive Engine Air-Ratio Control Using Online Sequential Relevance Vector Machine

Table 1

LMAE and 𝑅² of different lambda models.

Lambda model	LMAE	Improvement in LMAE (%)	𝑅^2	Improvement in 𝑅^2  (%)
𝑅𝑀^∗(𝐱)	2.4112	—	0.9868	—
𝐷𝑀^∗(𝐱)	2.3166	4.08^a	0.9816	0.53^a
𝑁𝑁^∗(𝐱)	1.8674	29.12^b	0.9511	3.75^b

^aRVM over DLSSVM,
^bRVM over DRNN.