A Rule Based Energy Management System of Experimental Battery/Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System for Electric Vehicles

Table 1

Parameters of the supercapacitor pack.

Items	Specifications
Nominal voltage	240 V
Nominal capacity	55 F
Number of cells	88
Maximum continuous power	30 kW/13 s
Pack mass	45 kg ± 5%
Maximum operating temperature	+65°C
Minimum operating temperature	−40°C
Maximum storage temperature	+70°C
Minimum storage temperature	−40°C
Communication type	CAN2.0B, J1939
Leakage current	5.3 mA
Safe level	IP65
Vibration	IEC 16750
Lifetime	25°C, ≥10 years
Initial 48 V module resistance	6.3 mΩ
Shock	SAE J2464