Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency in Diabetes Mellitus: A Complication of Diabetic Neuropathy or a Different Type of Diabetes?

Table 1

Results of direct pancreatic function tests in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Author	Year	Subjects/diabetes type	Methods	Results
Pollard et al. [1]	1943	13	Amylase and lipase after pancreozymin-secretin stimulation	62% reduced
Chey et al. [2]	1963	50 diabetic patients; 13 juvenile type	Amylase and lipase after pancreozymin-secretin stimulation	Low amylase output in diabetes: 36%; in juvenile diabetes: 77%
Vacca et al. [3]	1964	55 diabetic patients (22 insulin treated)	Diastase and bicarbonate after secretin stimulation; fecal fat	73% abnormal; correlation with age, no correlation with fecal fat
Frier et al. [4]	1976	20 IDDM, 7 NIDDM, 13 controls	Stimulation with iv secretin and CCK-PZ	PEI: 80% IDDM; correlation with diabetes duration
Harano et al. [20]	1978	53 NIDDM, 4 IDDM, 18 controls	Secretin-pancreozymin test	Diabetes: 69% deficient enzyme output; correlation with diabetes control
Lankisch et al. [5]	1982	53 IDDM	Secretin-pancreozymin test	Diabetes: 43% impaired function
Bretzke et al. [21]	1984	60 insulin-treated type 2 diabetic patients	Secretin-pancreozymin test	Diabetes: 27% “mild PEI”
El Newihi et al. [22]	1988	10 type 2 diabetic patients with diarrhea and neuropathy	Secretin and CCK test	Enzyme and bicarbonate reduction in all subjects