Obesity and Blood Pressure in 17-Year-Old Offspring of Mothers with Gestational Diabetes: Insights from the Jerusalem Perinatal Study

Table 3

Predictors of offspring’s BMI and systolic and diastolic BP at age 17: estimated coefficients from multiple linear regression models.

BMI at age 17	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
	β	95%CI	β	95%CI	β	95%CI
1964–76^b
GDM	1.220^a	0.863, 1.576	1.169^a	0.814, 1.523
Birth weight			0.586^a	0.534, 0.638
1974–1976^c subcohort
GDM	0.950^a	0.172, 1.728	0.719	−0.058, 1.496	0.013	−0.740 0.766
Birth weight			0.651^a	0.502, 0.799	0.265^a	0.116, 0.414
Prepregnancy mBMI					0.303^a	0.281, 0.325
Weight gain in pregnancy					0.052^a	0.038, 0.067
Systolic BP at age 17	β	95%CI	β	95%CI	β	95%CI
1964–76^b
GDM	1.229	−0.156, 2.613	1.206	−0.179, 2.590
Birth weight			0.266^a	0.063, 0.469
1974–1976^c subcohort
GDM	0.822	−1.918, 3.562	0.668	−2.058, 3.434	0.020	−2.726, 2.766
Birth weight			0.375	−0.148, 0.899	0.039	−0.503, 0.582
Prepregnancy mBMI					0.288^a	0.207, 0.368
Weight gain in pregnancy					0.036	−0.019, 0.090
Diastolic BP at age 17	β	95%CI	β	95%CI	β	95%CI
1964–76^b
GDM	1.549^a	0.587, 2.510	1.520^a	0.559, 2.481
Birth weight			0.333^a	0.193, 0.474
1974–1976^c subcohort
GDM	1.582	−0.314, 3.478	1.538	−0.363, 3.439	1.167	−0.735, 3.070
Birth weight			0.123	−0.240, 0.485	−0.084	−0.459, 0.292
Prepregnancy mBMI					0.159^a	0.103, 0.215
Weight gain in pregnancy					0.029	−0.008, 0.067

(Birth weight and weight gain in pregnancy are presented in kg).
^a𝑃<0.05.
^bModel was also adjusted for: maternal age at birth, birth order, maternal ethnic origin, education, SES, maternal pre-eclampsia, and offspring gender.
^cModel was also adjusted for: maternal age at birth, birth order, maternal ethnic origin, education, SES, maternal pre-eclampsia, offspring gender, gestational age at delivery and maternal smoking.