| Animal model | Strain | Kidney pathology | References |
| Db/db eNOSā/ā | BKS | Significant albuminuria, decreased GFR, markedly increased mesangial matrix expansion, glomerular basement membrane thickening, arteriolar hyalinosis, mesangiolysis, nodular glomerulosclerosis, and tubulointerstitial injury | Zhao et al. [25] and Mohan et al. [41] |
| NONcNZO10/LtJ | NON/LtJ + NZO/HlLt | Albuminuria, glomerulosclerosis, intraglomerular capillary thrombi and lipid deposition, nephritis, and Ig deposition | Reifsnyder and Leiter [29, 30] |
| BTBRob/ob | BTBR | Albuminuria, loss of podocytes, extensive mesangial expansion, mesangiolysis, basement membrane thickening, and interstitial fibrosis | Hudkins et al. [46] |
| GIPRdn transgenic | CD1 | Renal, podocyte and glomerular hypertrophy, mesangial expansion, and matrix accumulation, glomerulosclerosis, proteinuria, and tubulointerstitial lesions | Herbach et al. [49] |
| GLUT1 transgenic | C57BL6/J | Albuminuria, glomerular hypertrophy, mesangial expansion, and glomerulosclerosis | Wang et al. [50] |
| podIR knockout (podocin or nephrin promoter) | Mixed genetic background (C57BL/6, 129/SV, and FVB) | Albuminuria, loss of foot process structure, podocyte apoptosis, increased glomerular matrix, thickened GBM, glomerulosclerosis, and kidney sclerosis | Welsh et al. [52] |
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