Effect of Exercise on Kidney Function, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetic KK-A^y Mice

Table 1

Biochemical parameters in each mouse at 12 and 20 weeks of age.

	KK	KK-𝐴^𝑦	KK-𝐴^𝑦	KK-𝐴^𝑦
Number	9	11	10	13
Intensity of exercise	Sedentary	Sedentary	Low	Moderate
12 weeks of age
Body weight (g)	31.9±0.6^‡	39.9±2.4	40.9±2.2	40.3±2.1
HbA1c (%)	4.0±0.1^‡	7.0±0.9	7.4±1.1	6.7±1.4
Urinary albumin (mg/g⋅Cr)	86±120^‡	398±203	434±177	402±160
20 weeks of age
Body weight (g)	36.7±1.2^‡	44.4±3.6	46.3±2.9	44.5±3.3
FBG (mg/dL)	97±15	87±29	72±19	91±25
HbA1c (%)	4.4±0.4^‡	8.8±1.1	9.5±1.3	8.4±1.3
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)	0.14±0.06	0.16±0.05	0.15±0.05	0.16±0.05
Urinary albumin (mg/g⋅Cr)	98±43^‡	1104±569	726±388	833±370
Urinary NAG (U/mg/L⋅Cre)	9.7±2.0^‡	22.8±6.0	16.7±4.4^∗	17.3±3.5
Urinary 8-OHdG (μg/g⋅Cre)	47±11^†	306±159	56±42^†	97±105^†
Serum SOD (U/dL)	243±101	226±37	316±40^†	326±59^‡
Ccr (mL/min)	64.7±12.3	88.8±33.9	82.9±29.7	84.2±36.4

Data expressed as means ±SD. ^∗𝑃<0.05 versus KK-𝐴^𝑦 sedentary, ^†𝑃<0.01 versus KK-𝐴^𝑦 sedentary,^‡𝑃<0.001 versus KK-𝐴^𝑦 sedentary.
HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c, FBG: fasting blood glucose, NAG: N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, 8-OHdG: 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, SOD: super oxide dismutase, and Ccr: creatinine clearance.