The Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Related Thyroid Diseases
Table 1
Diabetic practice guidelines for thyroid screening in patients with diabetes.
Sr. no.
Guidelines
Type 2 diabetes
Comments
(1)
American Thyroid Association guidelines for detection of thyroid dysfunction [61]
Patients with diabetes may require more frequent testing
Recommends TSH from 35 yrs, and every 5 yrs thereafter in all adults; high risk persons may require more frequent tests Diabetes mentioned as high-risk but does not distinguish between T1DM and T2DM
(2)
American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, Thyroid disease clinical Practice guidelines, 2002 [62]
Thyroid palpation and TSH at diagnosis and at regular intervals, especially if goitre or other autoimmune disease presents
No specific recommendation for T2DM
(3)
British Thyroid Association and Association of Clinical Biochemistry Guidelines, 2006 [63]
TFT at baseline but routine annual TFT is not recommended
TSH and antibodies are recommended in diabetic patients in pregnancy and postpartum