Advanced Diabetic Nephropathy with Nephrotic Range Proteinuria: A Pilot Study of the Long-Term Efficacy of Subcutaneous ACTH Gel on Proteinuria, Progression of CKD, and Urinary Levels of VEGF and MCP-1

Table 1

Variable	Controls (𝑁=23)	ACTH 16 (𝑁=8)	ACTH 32 (𝑁=6)
Age (years)	53.8±3	53.0±3	52.0±2
Male/female	11/23 (48% M)	4/8 (50% M)	4/6 (66% M)
Diabetes (yrs.)	17.7±1	17.7±3	11.6±2
Retinopathy	47.8%	50.0%	66%
Serum Cr (mg/dL)	1.9±0.2	2.2±0.2	3.3±0.3
Albumin (mg/dL)	3.1±0.1	3.5±0.1	3.0±0.2
Proteinuria (gms/24 hrs)	5.6±0.7	6.7±9	5.3±4
Dual Tx %	5/23 (22%)	5/8 (63%)	3/6 (50%)
Renal Bx	2/23 (8.6%)	2/8 (25%)	4/6 (66%)