Adipocytokine Associations with Insulin Resistance in British South Asians
Table 1
Biomedical characteristics of the study population defined by normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and newly diagnosed type 2 Diabetes (T2DM).
NGT
IGT
T2DM
P NGT versus T2DM
P IGT versus T2DM
n
79
40
39
Age (years)
52.1 ± 9.8
55.1 ± 11.7
52.7 ± 9.2
0.08
0.18
Male sex
40 (50)
22 (54)
17 (44)
0.37
0.96
Active Smoking
8 (10)
6 (15)
6 (15)
0.71
0.85
BMI (kgm−2)
26.6 ± 4.2
29.1 ± 4.9
30.1 ± 5.8
0.01
0.26
Waist circumference (cm)
92.7 ± 10.6
96.9 ± 10.1
100.8 ± 10.1
<0.01
0.04
WHR
0.88 ± 0.08
0.91 ± 0.08
0.95 ± 0.08
<0.01
<0.01
SBP (mmHg)
135.3 ± 19.3
139.5 ± 20.6
144.3 ± 18.5
0.11
0.18
DBP (mmHg)
85.4 ± 10.7
86.3 ± 8.2
89.7 ± 9.1
0.52
0.07
Total cholesterol (mmoll−1)
5.3 ± 1.0
5.2 ± 1.1
5.3 ± 1.1
0.63
0.58
HDL-C (mmoll−1)
1.3 ± 0.3
1.2 ± 0.3
1.1 ± 0.2
0.12
0.01
Triglycerides (mmoll−1)*
1.4 (0.8)
1.7 (1.2)
2.6 (2.1)
0.03
0.04
FPG (mmoll−1)
5.0 ± 0.5
5.4 ± 0.6
8.1 ± 2.1
0.02
<0.01
2 h PLG (mmoll−1)
5.4 ± 1.2
8.9 ± 1.5
14.9 ± 3.9
<0.01
<0.01
HOMA-IR (arb.)*
1.6 (1.2)
2.5 (1.8)
6.0 (4.9)
<0.01
<0.01
CVD medication
Antihypertensive
14 (18)
15 (34)
14 (36)
0.01
0.33
Lipid lowering
16 (21)
12 (29)
11 (28)
0.03
0.89
Data are means ± standard deviation (SD) or median with inter quartile range (IQR)* and n (%). WC: waist circumference, WHR: waist Hip Ratio, SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure, HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol subfraction, FPG: fasting plasma glucose, 2-h PLG: 2 hour post-load (75g-oral glucose tolerance test) glucose. HOMA-IR: homeostasis model insulin resistance.
