Boldine Prevents Renal Alterations in Diabetic Rats

Table 1

Pathophysiological status of experimental animals.

	Control (C)	Diabetic (D)	Control boldine (CB)	Diabetic boldine (DB)
Glycemia (mg/dL)	141±8	371±74^∗∗∗	147±8	253±31^†
Weight (g)	530±28	223±25^∗∗∗	458±22	235±19^∗∗∗
Urine volume (mL)	16±2	28±5^∗	15±3	24±3
Plasma osmolality (mOsmol/Kg)	290±4	310±8	300±6	300±8
Urine omoles (in 24 h)	17±1	23±4	15±1	24±3
MDA plasma (nM)	50±6	117±9^∗∗	57±7	121±22^∗∗
MDA urine (pmoles in 24 h)	167±20	842±218^∗∗	127±15	764±97^∗∗
Mean blood pressure (mmHg)	116±5	147±12^∗	109±9	119±5^†

Parameters observed in control (C), diabetic (D), and control or diabetic rats treated with 50 mg/Kg boldine (CB and DB, resp.) measured at the end of the experiment. Values represent the average ± SEM of at least 5 animals per group. ^∗𝑃≤0.05; ^∗∗𝑃≤0.01; ^∗∗∗𝑃≤0.001 compared to control; ^†𝑃≤0.05 compared to diabetic, using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test.