Retinal Layers Changes in Human Preclinical and Early Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Support Early Retinal Neuronal and Müller Cells Alterations

Figure 1

Spectral domain OCT automatic segmentation of retinal layers in the macula ((a) and (b)) and in the peripapillary area (c). In the macula the segmentation is performed on the linear scan (b) and in the peripapillary area on the circular scan around the optic disc (c). Six lines determine 5 retinal layers which from inside out are as follows: inner limiting membrane + nerve fibre layer (ILM + RNFL); ganglion cell layer + inner plexiform layer (GCL + IPL); inner nuclear layer + outer plexiform layer (INL + OPL); outer nuclear layer + external limiting membrane (ONL + ELM); and inner segment/outer segment photoreceptor layer + retinal pigment epithelium (IS/OS + RPE) (a).