The Effect of Diabetes Self-Management Education on Body Weight, Glycemic Control, and Other Metabolic Markers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Table 3

Change of characteristics of subjects from baseline to follow-up assessments in the intervention and control groups.

Characteristics	Intervention; 𝑛=36	Control; 𝑛=40	𝑃 value
ΔIMT, 𝜇m	−23.3±68.1	−6.3±71.4	0.298
ΔDC, 1/KPa	−0.002±0.01	0.001±0.008	0.317
ΔCC, mm^2/KPa	0.018±0.200	−0.012±0.236	0.487
Δ𝛼	−0.531±2.018	0.046±1.637	0.185
Δ𝛽	−1.093±4.009	0.118±3.334	0.193
ΔPWV, m/s	−0.351±1.530	0.117±1.339	0.159
ΔBlood glucose, mmol/L	−0.172±1.400	0.160±0.956	0.149
ΔTotal cholesterol, mmol/L	−0.219±0.546	−0.315±0.527	0.351
ΔHDL, mmol/L	0.024±0.161	−0.039±0.173	0.596
ΔLDL, mmol/L	−0.220±0.446	−0.296±0.489	0.106
ΔTriglyceride, mmol/L	−0.050±0.425	0.044±0.583	0.643
ΔHbA1c, %	−0.200±0.560	0.080±0.741	0.004*
ΔWeight, kg	−1.19±1.39	−0.61±2.04	0.036*
ΔBMI, kg/m^2	−0.57±1.00	−0.39±1.00	0.105
ΔSBP, mmHg	−1.36±16.70	2.34±15.24	0.388
ΔDBP, mmHg	−0.05±9.54	2.25±9.74	0.223

^∗𝑃 value indicates significant difference in changes of variables between the intervention group and control groups. IMT: intima-media thickness; DC: distensibility coefficient; CC: compliance coefficient; PWV: pulse wave velocity; HDL: high density lipoprotein; LDL: low density lipoprotein; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; and DBP: diastolic blood pressure.