Triglyceride High-Density Lipoprotein Ratios Predict Glycemia-Lowering in Response to Insulin Sensitizing Drugs in Type 2 Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis of the BARI 2D

Table 1

Baseline characteristics for the cohort with HbA1c >7.0%.

Baseline characteristics	All TG/HDL ratios; ()	Normal TG/HDL ratio; ()	Elevated TG/HDL ratio; ()	Normal versus elevated; value
Female	33.3	31.8	34.3
Race/ethnicity, %				<0.0001
White non-Hispanic	61.2	51.1	67.6
Black non-Hispanic	19.6	28.9	13.8
Hispanic	13.7	13.0	14.1
Asian non-Hispanic	5.0	6.7	4.0
Other non-Hispanic	0.5	0.4	0.5
Region of world, %				0.006
USA	60.2	62.9	58.4
Canada	15.1	16.9	13.9
Mexico	4.7	2.9	5.9
Brazil	16.9	15.5	17.8
Czech Republic/Austria	3.1	1.8	4.0
Age at study entry, mean, SD	61.1, 8.8	62.3, 8.5	60.4, 8.9	0.0002
Duration of DM, mean, SD	11.7, 8.7	13.0, 9.5	10.9, 8.1	<0.0001
HbA1c %, mean, SD	8.8, 1.5	8.6, 1.4	8.9, 1.4	0.002
On insulin, %	35.9	40.3	33.2	0.009
On sulfonylurea, %	56.9	52.5	59.8	0.009
On metformin, %	56.8	53.4	59.0	0.047
On TZD, %	18.5	20.8	17.0	0.09
On either metformin or TZD, %	63.1	60.3	64.9	0.09
High BP (>130/85), %	54.9	55.7	54.3
On ≥2 BP medications, %	76.8	75.9	77.3
Uncontrolled BP on medications, %	43.0	44.2	42.2
Waist circumference cm, mean, SD	107.3, 13.8	105.7, 14.4	108.4, 13.3	0.0006
BMI, mean, SD	31.7, 6.0	31.2, 6.5	32.0, 5.6	0.03
TG mg/dL, mean, SD	188.9, 143.5	97.7, 34.3	247.0, 155.8	<0.0001
HDL mg/dL, mean, SD	38.5, 10.3	44.7, 11.1	34.6, 7.5	<0.0001
TG/HDL, mean, SD	5.64, 6.29	2.28, 0.84	7.79, 7.25
On statins, %	73.2	75.8	71.6	0.09
On fibrates, %	8.0	0.0	13.0
On niacin, %	1.5	0.0	2.4
CABG-STRATA, %	32.9	30.3	34.5

Elevated triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL) ratio means having a value of triglyceride (mg/dL) divided by HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) that is 3.75 or higher in men or 3.0 or higher in women. All others are considered “normal.” Note that only 777 patients had TG/HDL ratio at baseline that was actually elevated. An additional 22 patients are included in this group because they were treated for dyslipidemia (fibrate, niacin, or omega 3 polyunsaturates).