Topically Applied Connective Tissue Growth Factor/CCN2 Improves Diabetic Preclinical Cutaneous Wound Healing: Potential Role for CTGF in Human Diabetic Foot Ulcer Healing

Table 1

Wound closure data in diabetic and nondiabetic (control) rats, each treated with topical rhCTGF or PBS alone.

Wound closure (% of initial wound size)
Group	Day 1	Day 3	Day 7	Day 10	Day 14
C + PBS alone	85.7 ± 1.5	57.7 ± 2.1	25.2 ± 0.9^*	18.0 ± 0.6	13.0 ± 0.4
DM + PBS alone	92.8 ± 1.6	61.7 ± 1.7	31.0 ± 1.1	20.7 ± 0.8	15.9 ± 0.5
C + CTGF	81.7 ± 1.4^*	52.2 ± 1.8^*	25.6 ± 0.9^*	16.5 ± 0.4	13.2 ± 0.3^*
DM + CTGF	85.4 ± 1.4	57.5 ± 2.2	28.4 ± 1.2^*	16.1 ± 0.7^*	13.6 ± 0.4^*

Results are shown as mean ± SEM. ^* versus the same day diabetic wounds + PBS (DM + PBS alone), by ANOVA. The main finding was that ulcer area was significantly reduced on days 7, 10, and 14 in the CTGF treated diabetic group (D + CTGF) compared with the non-rhCTGF treated diabetic group (D + PBS alone).