Diabetic Retinopathy in Pregnancy: A Population-Based Study of Women with Pregestational Diabetes

Table 1

Classification of diabetic retinopathy [12].

Grade	Description	Lesion
R0	No retinopathy	No apparent retinopathy
R1	Background retinopathy	Microaneurysm(s); Retinal haemorrhage(s) ± any exudate
R2	Preproliferative retinopathy	Venous beading, venous loop, or reduplication; Intraretinal microvascular abnormality (IRMA); Multiple deep, round, or blot haemorrhages
R3	Proliferative retinopathy	New vessels on disc (NVD); New vessels elsewhere (NVE); Preretinal or vitreous haemorrhage; Preretinal fibrosis ± tractional retinal detachment
M0	No maculopathy	No apparent maculopathy
M1	Maculopathy present	Exudate within 1 disc diameter (DD) of the centre of the fovea; Circinate or group of exudates within the macula; Retinal thickening within 1 DD of the centre of the fovea (if stereo available); Any microaneurysms or haemorrhage within 1 DD of the centre of the fovea only if associated with a best VA of ≤6/12 (if no stereo)