Antidiabetic and Renoprotective Effects of Cladophora glomerata Kützing Extract in Experimental Type 2 Diabetic Rats: A Potential Nutraceutical Product for Diabetic Nephropathy

Figure 7

Effects of Cladophora glomerata extract on regulatory function of rOat1 and rOat3 functions. (a) Downregulation of rOat1 and 3 by PMA-inhibited PKCα activity. Rat renal cortical slices were preincubated for 30 min in the presence or absence of 100 nM of PMA or PMA with GÖ6976 and followed by incubation with 5 μM of [³H]-PAH for 30 min. Data are expressed as tissue to medium ratios (T/M) (). indicates significant differences from control. indicates significant differences from PMA preincubation in renal slices from ND. (b) Upregulation of rOat1 and 3 by insulin-stimulated PKCζ activity. Rat renal cortical slices were preincubated for 30 min in the presence or absence of 30 μg/mL of insulin or insulin with PKCζ-PS and followed by incubation with 5 μM of [³H]-PAH for 30 min. Data are expressed as tissue to medium ratios (T/M) ( = 5–7). indicates significant differences from respective control. indicates significant differences from insulin preincubation in renal slices from ND. indicates significant differences from insulin preincubation in renal slices from ND + CGE.

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