Antidiabetic and Renoprotective Effects of Cladophora glomerata Kützing Extract in Experimental Type 2 Diabetic Rats: A Potential Nutraceutical Product for Diabetic Nephropathy

Table 2

General characteristics and plasma parameters of experimental rats at the end of week 12.

	ND	ND + CGE	DM	DM + CGE	DM + metformin
General characteristic
BW (g)	430.0 ± 26.5	420.5 ± 20.3	456.3 ± 30.9	426.7 ± 30.6	416.7 ± 66.6
KW/BW	5.7 ± 0.8	6.0 ± 0.7	5.6 ± 0.9	6.2 ± 1.0	5.9 ± 1.0
Plasma parameter
Glucose (mg/dL)	135.1 ± 19.9	128.3 ± 15.6	301.0 ± 20.2^*	149.2 ± 53.8^#	164.8 ± 38.0^#
Triglyceride (mmol/L)	140.4 ± 44.4	121.5 ± 24.7	286.7 ± 49.5^*	142.6 ± 32.0^#	156.5 ± 40.9^#
Insulin (ng/mL)	2.8 ± 1.1	2.3 ± 0.4	1.8 ± 0.9	1.7 ± 0.8	1.1 ± 0.7
HOMA index	16.4 ± 4.1	13.4 ± 4.8	28.4 ± 15.1^*	12.7 ± 4.6^#	15.9 ± 2.6^#

Data are presented as mean ± SD from 6 to 8 animals per group. BW: body weight; KW: kidney weight; HOMA: homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; ^* < 0.05 indicates the significant differences from normal (ND) and ^# < 0.05 indicates the significant differences from T2DM (DM) rats.