Journal of Diabetes Research / 2015 / Article / Tab 2 / Review Article
Animal Models of Diabetic Macrovascular Complications: Key Players in the Development of New Therapeutic Approaches Table 2 Atherosclerotic mouse models with increased atherosclerosis after diet-induced diabetes.
Mouse model Inducer Hyperlipidemia Atherosclerosis Comments Reference Diabetes increases atherosclerosis without changes in plasma lipids ApoE−/− HFD (17 wks) TC↔ (15.6 mM) TG↔ (1.1 mM) ↑ Glucose↑, IR versus mice w/equal lipids on low-fat diet [122 ] LDLR−/− DD (18–24 wks) TC↔ (43.4 mM) ↑ (calcif.) Glucose↑, IR [123 ] Diabetes increases atherosclerosis and alters plasma lipid levels LDLR−/− WD (17 wks) TC↑ (27.0 mM) TG↑ (4.3 mM) ↑ Glucose↑, insulin↑, versus HFD w/o cholesterol + similar dysglycemia: lesions↑ [124 ] LDLR−/− WD (4.5 mos) TC↑ (25.0 mM) TG↑ (2.6 mM) ↑ Insulin↑, IR; versus fructose diet w/equal cholesterol + euglycemia: lesions↔ [125 ] LDLR−/− DD (16 wks) TC↑ (17.9 mM) TG↑ (5.0 mM) ↑ Glucose↑, insulin↑, IR [126 ] ApoE−/− WD (5 wks) TC↑ (33.8 mM) TG↑ (1.1 mM) NI↑ Glucose↑, insulin↑ [127 ] ApoE* 3-Leiden HCD (28 wks) TC↑ (20 mM) TG↑ (1.7 mM) ↑ IR [106 ] HuB HFD (12 mos) TC↑ (3.5 mM) TG↑ (1.0 mM) Fatty streaks Glucose↑, insulin↑, IR [128 ] ApoE−/− Fructose (8 wks) TC↔ (9.9 mM) TG↑ (2.1 mM) ↑ Glucose↑, insulin↑ [129 ]
DD, diabetogenic diet (Bioserve F1850: 35.5% energy from fat); HCD, high-cholesterol diet (20% energy from fat, 0.15–1.25% cholesterol); HFD, high-fat diet (20–60% energy from fat, usually no cholesterol); IR, insulin resistance; NI, neointima; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; WD, Western diet (Harlan Teklad TD96125 or TD88137).