Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells Is Activated in the Endothelium of Retinal Microvessels in Diabetic Mice

Figure 5

In vivo inhibition of NFAT restores levels of anti-inflammatory IL-10 in the retina of diabetic mice. (a) Levels of IL-10 in whole-retina homogenates from NFAT-luc mice, treated with STZ (60 mg/kg) or vehicle (citrate buffer). Mice received daily i.p. injections of A-285222 (0.15 mg/kg) or vehicle (saline) for two weeks (, 7, and 9 for control, STZ, and STZ + A-285222, resp.). versus control and ^### versus STZ. (b) Blood glucose levels in mice treated as in (a) ( versus control; mice/group). (c)–(h) TNFα, IFN-γ, IL-12p70, IL-1β, IL-6, and KC levels were determined in whole-retina homogenates from the same mice as in (a). Cytokines levels were normalized to protein content and are expressed as percentage of control. No significant differences were observed between the groups.