Increased Oxidation as an Additional Mechanism Underlying Reduced Clot Permeability and Impaired Fibrinolysis in Type 2 Diabetes

Table 1

Patient characteristics ().

Variable
Age (years)	65 ± 8.8
Male gender, (%)	92 (55.4)
BMI, kg/m^2	31.9 ± 5.2
WHR	0.98 (0.93–1.04)
Cardiovascular risk factors, (%)
Obesity	109 (66.9)
Current smoker	16 (9.8)
Previous smoker	82 (50.3)
Hypertension	153 (93.9)
Dyslipidemia	126 (77.3)
Family history of CAD	40 (24.5)
Medical history, (%)
CAD	100 (61.3)
Previous MI	27 (16.6)
Previous PCI/CABG	2 (1.2)
Previous stroke or TIA	11 (6.7)
PAD	22 (13.5)
Nephropathy	29 (17.8)
Retinopathy	24 (14.7)
Neuropathy	33 (20.2)
Insulin therapy	43 (26.4)
Biguanide	97 (59.5)
Sulphonylurea	69 (42.3)
Aspirin	130 (79.8)
Thienopyridine	9 (5.5)
Statin	128 (78.5)
Fibrate	7 (4.3)
Beta-blocker	131 (80.4)
ACEI	117 (71.8)
Laboratory results
GFR, mL/min	78.2 ± 20.0
TC, mmol/L	4.3 (3.5–5.1)
LDL-C, mmol/L	2.4 (1.9–3.1)
HDL-C, mmol/L	1.3 (1.1–1.6)
TG, mmol/L	1.3 (1.0–1.9)
CRP, mg/L	2.2 (1.1–4.1)
Glucose, mmol/L	6.0 (5.1–7.3)
HbA1c, %	6.8 ± 1.036

Values are given as mean ± SD, median (interquartile range), or percentage.
value was calculated using Student -test when variables were normally distributed or by the Mann-Whitney -test for nonnormally distributed variables.
Abbreviations: DM, type 2 diabetes; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; WHR, waist to hip ratio; CAD, coronary artery disease; MI, myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; TIA, transient ischemic attack; PAD, peripheral artery disease; ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; CRP, C-reactive protein.