The Relationship between Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D and Insulin Sensitivity and  β-Cell Function in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes

Table 2

The comparison of insulin sensitivity and β-cell function in total subjects (95% CI).

	T1	T2	T3				Trend test value	Trend test value
HOMA-IR	4.64 (4.05, 5.23)	4.32 (3.82, 4.81)	3.63 (3.20, 4.06)^a	0.019	0.054	0.061	7.438	0.007
Matsuda ISI	2.96 (2.69, 3.24)	3.01 (2.70, 3.33)	3.53 (3.24, 3.81)^a,b	0.002	0.017	0.058	10.911	0.001
INSR	5.60 (5.01, 6.18)	5.65 (5.08, 6.21)	4.51 (4.02, 5.00)^a,b	0.013	0.131	0.063	6.019	0.015
DI	13.47 (12.38, 14.55)	14.06 (12.87, 15.26)	13.52 (12.46, 14.57)	0.834	0.815	0.074	0.018	0.893

25-Hydroxy vitamin D tertiles: low tertile T1, middle tertile T2, and high tertile T3. Abnormally distributed continuous variables including HOMA-IR, Matsuda ISI, INSR, and DI were log-transformed before analysis; however, nontransformed values were displayed for ease of interpretation. : ANOVA test among three tertiles unadjusted for confounding factors. : adjustment for sex, age, BMI, SBP, and DBP; : further adjustment for TG, TC, HDL, LDL, ALT, GGT, and HbA1c in addition to . ^acompared with T1 group; ^bcompared with T2 group.