An Altered Pattern of Myocardial Histopathological and Molecular Changes Underlies the Different Characteristics of Type-1 and Type-2 Diabetic Cardiac Dysfunction

Figure 2

Characteristic histopathological changes of the myocardium in type-1 and type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM) models. Representative images of conventional histopathological examination (hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining; scale bar: 50 μm, (a)), TUNEL staining for DNA breaks and apoptosis (brown cell nuclei, scale bar: 50 μm, (b)), immunohistochemistry for the nitrooxidative stress marker nitrotyrosine (brown staining, scale bar: 50 μm, (c)) and Masson’s trichrome staining for fibrosis detection (blue staining, scale bar: 60 μm, (d)) of left ventricular myocardium in the groups of SD control, streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic SD, ZDF lean and ZDF diabetic rats.

(a) HE

(b) TUNEL

(c) Nitrotyrosine

(d) Masson’s trichrome