Increased DNA Dicarbonyl Glycation and Oxidation Markers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Link to Diabetic Nephropathy
Table 1
Characteristics of human subjects recruited for this study.
Subject group
Control
T2DM-DN
T2DM+DN
28
28
28
Age (years)
61 ± 8
63 ± 6
60 ± 10
Gender (M/F)
28/0
20/8
20/8
BMI (kg/m2)
26.1 ± 1.8
28.5 ± 5.0*
33.2 ± 5.0***,OOO
Fasting plasma glucose (mM)
5.6 ± 0.5
9.4 ± 3.0***
9.3 ± 3.8***
A1C (%)
ND
7.6 ± 1.2
7.5 ± 1.5
(mmol/mol)
60 ± 13
58 ± 17
Systolic BP (mmHg)
135 ± 13
136 ± 13
153 ± 22***
Diastolic BP (mmHg)
84 ± 6
81 ± 10
84 ± 10
Total cholesterol (mM)
5.52 ± 0.94
5.04 ± 1.13
5.17 ± 1.14
LDL cholesterol (mM)
3.31 ± 0.69
2.92 ± 0.96
2.58 ± 0.92*
HDL cholesterol (mM)
1.49 ± 0.32
1.46 ± 0.38
1.40 ± 0.29
Urinary albumin (mg/24 h)
ND
13 ± 10
2437 (371–9000)***
eGFR (ml/min)
69 ± 13
73 ± 13
31.7 (20.0–45.3)***,OOO
ND = not determined. Data are mean ± SD or median (minimum–maximum). Significance: * and ***, and with respect to healthy volunteers, and OOO, with respect to patients with type 2 diabetes without nephropathy.
