Impact of Gender on the Association of Epicardial Fat Thickness, Obesity, and Circadian Blood Pressure Pattern in Hypertensive Patients
Table 3
The echocardiographic measurements of the study population in males.
Without hypertension
With essential hypertension
ANOVA
Normal weight ()
Normal weight ()
Obese ()
value
EFT (mm)
6.0 ± 2.7
5.9 ± 2.4
5.9 ± 1.9
0.937
LVEDD (cm)
46.6 ± 4.92
45.9 ± 4.97
46.8 ± 5.16
0.655
LVESD (cm)
29.6 ± 4.45
29.0 ± 4.66
30.0 ± 4.87
0.475
IVSTd (mm)
11.7 ± 2.73
12.8 ± 2.92
13.5 ± 2.59
0.007
PWTd (mm)
9.72 ± 1.65
10.7 ± 1.80
11.6 ± 2.26
<0.001
RWT
0.42 ± 0.10
0.47 ± 0.11
0.50 ± 0.13
0.016
LVMI (g/m2)
103.0 ± 39.2
115.2 ± 30.8
118.3 ± 32.1
0.106
LA diameter
33.3 ± 4.62
33.8 ± 4.69
36.3 ± 5.79
0.002
LA volume
15.3 ± 4.84
15.3 ± 4.76
17.1 ± 5.55
0.043
Aorta diameter
32.8 ± 4.42
33.3 ± 4.06
34.2 ± 3.70
0.080
EF (%)
66.2 ± 7.17
66.3 ± 8.98
65.3 ± 8.23
0.437
E (cm/sec)
66.2 ± 16.9
65.5 ± 14.8
65.0 ± 15.8
0.339
E/Ea
8.7 ± 2.72
9.2 ± 3.21
9.8 ± 3.65
0.123
A (cm/sec)
67.4 ± 20.9
67.8 ± 21.0
68.2 ± 18.7
0.991
All values are presented as the mean ± SD. EFT: epicardial fat thickness; LVDEDD: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVESD: left ventricular end-systolic diameter; IVSTd: diastolic interventricular septal wall thickness; PWTd: diastolic posterior wall thickness; LVMI: left ventricular mass index; LA: left atrial diameter; EF: ejection fraction; E: peak early diastolic mitral filling velocity; Ea: mitral annular velocity; A: peak late diastolic mitral filling velocity; versus normotensive normal weight; versus hypertensive normal weight.
