Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene Polymorphism (rs2010963) and Its Receptor, Kinase Insert Domain-Containing Receptor Gene Polymorphism (rs2071559), and Markers of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of subjects with T2DM and subjects without T2DM (control group).
Subjects with T2DM
Control group
Age (years)
62.39 ± 9.61
60.07 ± 9.18
0.008
Male sex (%)
338 (56.8)
92 (46.0)
0.008
Diabetes duration (years)
11.25 ± 7.88
—
—
Cigarette smoking (%)
53 (8.91)
34 (17.0)
0.002
Waist circumference (cm)
108.65 ± 12.88
93.31 ± 13.18
<0.001
BMI (kg/m2)
31.00 ± 4.74
27.90 ± 4.42
0.16
SBP (mm Hg)
147.1 ± 19.80
143.3 ± 16.6
0.86
DBP (mm Hg)
85.78 ± 11.60
84.7 ± 11.6
0.19
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)
8.04 ± 2.57
5.27 ± 0.87
<0.001
HbA1c (%)
7.89 ± 3.56
4.79 ± 0.29
<0.001
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)
4.70 ± 1.18
5.36 ± 1.08
<0.001
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)
1.20 ± 0.35
1.43 ± 0.37
<0.001
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)
2.63 ± 0.94
3.24 ± 0.98
<0.001
Triglycerides (mmol/L)
1.9 (1.2–2.7)
1.3 (0.9–1.9)
<0.001
hs-CRP (mg/L)
3.5 ± 1.18
2.2 ± 1.18
<0.001
CIMT (μm)
958 ± 194
890 ± 212
0.007
Statin therapy (%)
375 (63.0)
62 (31.0)
<0.001
Antihypertensive agents (%)
499 (83.9)
58 (29%)
<0.001
Continuous variables were expressed as means ± standard deviations when normally distributed and as median (interquartile range) when asymmetrically distributed. Categorical variables were expressed as frequency (percentage). BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c: glycated haemoglobin; hs-CRP: high sensitivity C-reactive protein.
