Research Article
Factors Associated with Long-Term Control of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Table 4
Anthropometrics and HbA1c levels.
| | Variable | Categories | (%) | HbA1c | |
| | Family provides help and support | Lesser extent (a little) | (26.4%) | 9.4 | 0.002 | | Greater extent (a lot) | (73.6%) | 8.4 |
| | Physician-patient relationship | Lesser extent (seldom) | (14.2%) | 10.6 | 0.001 | | Greater extent (often) | (85.8%) | 8.5 |
| | Knowledge towards diabetes | Lesser extent | (47.2%) | 8.9 | 0.020 | | Greater extent | (52.8%) | 8.5 |
| | Confidence in ability to manage self-care behaviors | Not confident | (55.2%) | 8.9 | 0.001 | | Confident | (44.8%) | 8.5 |
| | Physical health | <40 | (19.8%) | 11.8 | 0.001 | | 40–50 | (32.3%) | 9.12 | | >50 | (47.9%) | 7.50 |
| | Depression | Major depression | (14.2%) | 11.3 | 0.001 | | Atypical depression | (21.9%) | 8.70 | | No depression | (63.9%) | 7.85 |
| | Stressful life events | High risk <300 | (8.3%) | 11.8 | 0.001 | | Moderate risk 150–300 | (15.6%) | 8.90 | | Low risk >150 | (76%) | 8.00 |
| | Blood pressure (BP) (mmHg) | High blood pressure | (44.1%) | 9.0 | 0.073 | | Normal blood pressure | (55.9%) | 8.5 |
| | Body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) | Obese | (46.5%) | 8.9 | 0.01 | | Overweight | (37.2%) | 8.7 | | Normal weight | (15.3%) | 7.9 | | Underweight | (1%) | 6.3 |
| | Cholesterol (mg/dL) | Blood cholesterol ≥ 200 | (40.6%) | 9.2 | 0.001 | | Blood cholesterol > 200 | (59.4%) | 8.1 |
| | High-density lipoprotein (HDL) (mg/dL), male | Low HDL > 40 | (55.2%) | 9.1 | 0.001 | | High HDL ≥ 40 | (44.8%) | 7.6 |
| | High-density lipoprotein (HDL) (mg/dL), female | Low HDL > 50 | (65.7%) | 9.1 | 0.027 | | High HDL ≥ 50 | (34.3%) | 7.8 |
| | Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (mg/dL) | High LDL ≥ 100 | (68.8%) | 8.8 | 0.026 | | Low LDL > 100 | (31.2%) | 8.2 |
| | Triglyceride (TG) (mg/dL) | High TG ≥ 150 | (40.3%) | 9.1 | >0.01 | | Low TG > 150 | (59.7%) | 8.4 |
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