| Study | Diet | Weight loss | BCAA and related metabolites identified | Relationship with BCAA and IR |
| Batch et al. [21] | BCAA supplement | No | Leucine/isoleucine, valine, tyrosine, methionine, alanine, histidine, phenylalanine; C3; C5 | Not related to BCAA and IR |
| Xu et al. [22] | High & low fat | Yes | Valine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine; tryptophan, BCAA/AAA | Corresponded to gene variants |
| Würtz et al. [28] | Protein intake | No | Leucine, isoleucine, valine, glutamine, pyruvate, alanine, creatinine, phenylalanine, phospholipids, fatty acids | Positive for valine level Not related to IR |
| Shah et al. [24] | BCAA intake | Yes | Alanine, leucine/isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, glutamate/glutamine, ornithine | Slightly positive for BCAA level Not related to IR |
| Newgard et al. [12] | BCAA supplement | No | Alanine, valine, leucine/isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, glutamate/glutamine, aspartate/asparagine | Positive for BCAA and IR (in rats) |
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