Molecular and Electrophysiological Mechanisms Underlying Cardiac Arrhythmogenesis in Diabetes Mellitus

Table 1

Molecular target	Mechanism of action	References
Gap junction inhibitors	Increase refractory period; Improve conduction	[47]
Gap junction openers	Increase conduction velocity and decrease heterogeneity in repolarization or refractoriness	[49]
Late sodium channel blockers	Inhibit afterdepolarizations	[83]
Ryanodine receptor stabilizers	Decrease heterogeneity in transients and inhibit afterdepolarizations	[84]
Antifibrotic agents	Reduce cardiac fibrosis	[82]