Novel Tubular Biomarkers Predict Renal Progression in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study
Table 1
Baseline characteristics and laboratory data.
Parameters
All patients
GFR decline < 25% per year
GFR decline ≥ 25% per year
()
()
Age (year)
66.4 ± 11.4
67 ± 11.3
64.5 ± 10.3
Male (%)
55.4
53.4
68.3
Duration of DM (years)
12.2 ± 9.2
12.2 ± 9.3
12.5 ± 8.9
Time F/U (month)
12.3 ± 4
12.1 ± 4.5
12.5 ± 5.0
Comorbid disease
CKD staging
CKD I
38 (12.5%)
35 (13.4%)
3 (7.3%)
CKD II
71 (23.4%)
68 (26.0%)
3 (7.3%)
CKD III
102 (33.7%)
89 (34.0%)
13 (31.7%)
CKD IV
55 (18.2%)
43 (16.4%)
12 (29.3%)
CKD V
37 (12.2%)
27 (10.3%)
10 (24.4%)
Hypertension (%)
95.6
95.7
95
Dyslipidemia (%)
91.2
92.6
85
Cardiovascular disease (%)
19.5
17.2
26.8
Anemia (%)
53.9
50.1
78.0
Medications
RAAS blocker (%)
58.1
60.6
42.5
Insulin (%)
27.7
25.5
40.0
ASA (%)
61
61.8
60.0
Clinical parameter
SBP (mmHg)
139.8 ± 19.6
138.7 ± 18.6
147.6 ± 24.1
DBP (mmHg)
76.2 ± 12.3
75.6 ± 11.8
79.7 ± 15.5
BMI (kg/m2)
26.89 ± 4.2
26.71 ± 4.56
28.05 ± 5.41
Laboratory parameter
GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)
49.88 ± 29.71
51.98 ± 29.36
33.40 ± 25.46
UACR (mg/g)
887.0 ± 210.8
742.6 ± 210.3
1885.4 ± 214
FPG (mg/dL)
143.7 ± 62.3
141.6 ± 61.7
156.9 ± 69.0
HbA1c (%)
7.3 ± 1.5
7.2 ± 1.5
7.5 ± 1.5
Hemoglobin (g/dL)
12.1 ± 2.6
12.2 ± 2.1
11.7 ± 3.8
Phosphate (mg/dL)
3.51 ± 0.8
3.53 ± 0.8
3.43 ± 0.9
Intact-PTH (pg/mL)
152.9 ± 149
127.7 ± 111.2
239.4 ± 231.2
versus group with GFR decline < 25% per year. Note: values for categorical variables are given as number (percentage); values for continuous variables are given as mean ± standard deviation or median [interquartile range]. ASA: aspirin; BMI: body mass index; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; GFR: glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1 C; PTH: parathyroid hormone; RAAS: renin angiotensin aldosterone system; SBP: systolic blood pressure; UACR: urine albumin creatinine ratio.
