Novel Tubular Biomarkers Predict Renal Progression in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study

Table 2

Urinary levels of tubular biomarkers with different stages of albuminuria in the rapid and nonrapid GFR decline groups.

Urine biomarkers		GFR decline < 25% per year		GFR decline ≥ 25% per year	value
		Median (IQR)		Median (IQR)
UCCR (mcg/gm)
(i) All patients ()	262	3.01 (1.04, 6.46)	41	7.52 (4.74, 10.27)	<0.001
(ii) Normoalbuminuria ()	90	1.50 (0.21, 3.25)	4	3.93 (1.87, 7.67)	0.116
(iii) Microalbuminuria ()	91	2.43 (0.95, 3.73)	4	2.36 (0.77, 4.36)	0.950
(iv) Macroalbuminuria ()	81	7.60 (4.23, 12.71)	33	8.11 (6.07, 11.61)	0.696
UANG (mcg/gm)
(i) All patients ()	262	2.41 (0.31, 10.73)	41	14.26 (3.29, 24.48)	<0.001
(ii) Normoalbuminuria ()	90	0.49 (0.11, 1.71)	4	1.77 (0.67, 5.35)	0.277
(iii) Microalbuminuria ()	91	1.83 (0.35, 5.82)	4	3.13 (0.79, 5.48)	0.879
(iv) Macroalbuminuria ()	81	13.96 (5.32, 23.21)	33	14.74 (9.26, 27.88)	0.585
UKIM-1 (ng/gm)
(i) All patients ()	262	67.5 (32.1, 132.2)	41	133.1 (81.9, 255.6)	<0.001
(ii) Normoalbuminuria ()	90	37.4 (16.4, 65.9)	4	55.9 (53.2, 116.7)	0.073
(iii) Microalbuminuria ()	91	67.0 (32.1, 121.8)	4	53.8 (28.1, 79.2)	0.457
(iv) Macroalbuminuria ()	81	129.2 (88.3, 209.5)	33	178.9 (104.9, 371.8)	0.077
UNGAL (ng/gm)
(i) All patients ()	262	751.3 (413.9, 1350.5)	41	1058.3 (702.1, 1693.3)	0.004
(ii) Normoalbuminuria ()	90	495.15 (342.1, 801.8)	4	662.1 (391.7, 1064.85)	0.594
(iii) Microalbuminuria ()	91	654.7 (390.6, 1245.7)	4	625.3 (323.55, 1144.2)	0.701
(iv) Macroalbuminuria ()	81	1199.6 (787.3, 1942)	33	1347.6 (886.6, 1812.6)	0.795

⁢ versus group with GFR decline < 25% per year.
Note: values for continuous variables are represented as median interquartile range.
UANG: urine angiotensinogen creatinine ratio; UCCR: urine cystatin-C creatinine ratio; UKIM-1: Urine Kidney Injury Molecule-1 creatinine ratio; UNGAL: Urine Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin creatinine ratio.