Research Article
Evaluating the Effect of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Self-Management in Type 2 Diabetic Patients on Dialysis
Table 1
Description of baseline characteristics of patients.
| | Variable | Male () | Female () | Total () | |
| | Age, years | 68.92 ± 9.79 | 68.31 ± 8.33 | 68.70 ± 9.26 | 0.728 | | Marital status, number (%) | | | | 0.077 | | Married | 69 (92.0) | 34 (81.0) | 103 (88.0) | | | Not married | 6 (8.0) | 8 (19.0) | 14 (22.0) | | | Degree, number (%) | | | | <0.001 | | Primary | 44 (58.7) | 40 (95.2) | 84 (71.7) | | | Secondary | 21 (28.0) | 2 (4.8) | 23 (19.7) | | | Higher | 10 (13.3) | 0 (0.0) | 10 (8.5) | | | Job, number (%) | | | | <0.001 | | Employed | 13 (17.3) | 0 (0.0) | 13 (11.1) | | | Unemployed | 26 (34.7) | 42 (100.0) | 68 (58.1) | | | Retired | 36 (48.0) | 0 (0.0) | 36 (30.8) | | | Address, number (%) | | | | 0.061 | | North | 19 (25.3) | 11 (26.2) | 30 (25.6) | | | East | 24 (32.0) | 5 (11.9) | 29 (24.8) | | | West | 15 (20.0) | 9 (21.4) | 24 (20.5) | | | South | 17 (22.7) | 17 (40.5) | 34 (29.1) | | | Disease duration, years | | | | 0.78 | | <10 | 14 (18.7) | 7 (16.7) | 21 (17.9) | | | >10 | 61 (81.3) | 35 (83.3) | 96 (82.1) | | | Treatment methods, number (%) | | | | 0.76 | | Insulin | 59 (78.7) | 34 (81.0) | 93 (79.5) | | | Without treatment | 16 (21.3) | 8 (19.0) | 24 (20.5) | | | Risk factors, number (%) | | | | | | Hypertension | 52 (69.3) | 23 (54.8) | 75 (64.1) | 0.115 | | Dyslipidemia | 29 (38.7) | 22 (52.4) | 51 (43.6) | 0.151 | | Current smoking | 11 (14.7) | 0 (0.0) | 11 (9.4) | 0.009 | | Complications, number (%) | | | | | | Nephropathy | 75 (100.0) | 42 (100.0) | 117 (100.0) | ⋅ | | Retinopathy | 75 (100.0) | 42 (100.0) | 117 (100.0) | ⋅ | | Neuropathy | 75 (100.0) | 42 (100.0) | 117 (100.0) | ⋅ | | Diabetic foot | 30 (40.0) | 12 (28.6) | 42 (35.9) | 0.216 | | Family history, number (%) | | | | 0.274 | | Positive | 58 (77.3) | 36 (85.7) | 94 (80.3) | | | Negative | 17 (22.7) | 6 (14.3) | 23 (19.7) | | | Smoking, number (%) | | | | <0.001 | | Negative | 64 (85.3) | 42 (100.0) | 106 (90.6) | | | Positive | 11 (14.7) | 0 (0.0) | 11 (9.4) | | | Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 127.00 ± 18.97 | 124.62 ± 20.13 | 126.15 ± 19.34 | 0.530 | | Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 97.52 ± 8.97 | 76.19 ± 10.40 | 78.32 ± 9.60 | 0.072 | | BMI, kg/m2 | 24.29 ± 3.53 | 26.47 ± 4.48 | 25.07 ± 4.02 | 0.008 | | FPG, mg/dL | 157.01 ± 72.52 | 165.69 ± 66.19 | 160.12 ± 70.15 | 0.523 | | HbA1c, percent | 6.91 ± 1.15 | 7.23 ± 1.15 | 7.02 ± 1.16 | 0.152 |
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