Ischemic Stroke and Its Risk Factors in a Registry-Based Large Cross-Sectional Diabetic Cohort in a Country Facing a Diabetes Epidemic

Table 4

Univariate odds ratio and confidence interval (95% CI) for all cerebrovascular risk factors among studied cohort.

Risk factors	CVD
	Odds ratio	value
Age ≥ 45 years	10.26 (7.46–14.09)	<0.0001
Hypertension	6.68 (5.87–7.61)	<0.0001
Peripheral vascular disease	3.46 (2.30–5.20)	<0.0001
Coronary heart disease	2.63 (2.41–2.87)	<0.0001
DM duration ≥10 years	2.59 (2.27–2.94)	<0.0001
Nephropathy	2.23 (1.98–2.52)	<0.0001
Male gender	1.92 (1.74–2.12)	<0.0001
Insulin use	1.74 (1.59–1.92)	<0.0001
Smoking	1.72 (1.43–2.08)	<0.0001
Hyperlipidemia	1.71 (1.56–1.88)	<0.0001
Retinopathy	1.71 (1.57–1.86)	<0.0001
Peripheral neuropathy	1.49 (1.23–1.97)	0.005
Poor glycemic control	1.19 (0.95–1.48)	0.127
Overweight	0.94 (0.78–1.13)	0.531
Obesity	0.61 (0.50–0.73)	<0.0001

Risk assessed by univariate logistic regression analysis.