Xanthine Oxidase Activity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with and without Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Table 1
Basic demographical and clinical parameters in control subjects and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Control subjects ()
Type 2 DM patients
Non-DPN ()
DPN ()
Age (years)
61.5 ± 9.3
62.9 ± 7.5
Gender (male/female; n)
13/17
20/31
13/16
BMI (kg/m2)
25.3 ± 4.1
29.3 ± 4.
28.4 ± 4.
Diabetes duration (years)
NA
5.83 ± 2.56
6.39 ± 2.98
Microalbuminuria (yes/no; n)
NA
15/36
10/19
uACR (mg/g)
NA
15.6 (11.8–20.7)
23.4 (15.6–35.2)
Hypertension (yes/no; n)
13/17
32/19
18/11
Current smokers (yes/no; n)
11/19
24/27
9/20
Antidiabetic medication
(i) Oral antidiabetic drugs (n)
37
18
(ii) Oral antidiabetic drugs + insulin (n)
NA
10
8
(iii) Insulin (n)
4
3
Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L)
5.07 ± 1.19
7.34 ± 2.5
8.07 ± 3.0
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)
5.86 ± 1.05
6.81 ± 1.5
6.64 ± 1.7
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)
1.74 ± 0.56
1.47 ± 0.4
1.23 ± 0.4
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)
2.60 ± 0.87
3.88 ± 1.3
4.01 ± 1.4
Triglycerides (mmol/L)
2.16 ± 0.74
2.85 ± 1.0
2.77 ± 0.9
AIP [log (triglycerides/HDL)]
0.114 ± 0.229
0.270 ± 0.22
0.366 ± 0.23
Serum creatinine (μmol/L)
76.3 ± 10.4
77.5 ± 10.7
77.0 ± 11.9
Total proteins (g/L)
76.9 ± 3.6
75.3 ± 3.1
75.9 ± 3.7
Data are presented as mean values ± standard deviation, frequencies (), or geometric mean and 95% confidence interval of the mean (in parenthesis). Differences between groups were tested by one-way ANOVA, Student’s independent samples -test, or chi-square test. DPN: diabetic peripheral neuropathy; BMI: body mass index; NA: not applicable; uACR: urinary albumin to urinary creatinine ratio; AIP: atherogenic index of plasma. versus control group; versus non-DPN group.
