Urinary Extracellular Vesicles: Potential Biomarkers of Renal Function in Diabetic Patients

Figure 1

Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) (a–d) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (e, f) images of urinary extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from a urine sample. ESEM images show that EVs form aggregates and they are clustered on the surface. TEM analysis visualizes the variety of different vesicle-like objects in diameter mostly around 130–160 nm. Interestingly, multivesicle objects were also present in urine that confirms integrity of EVs during preparation.

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