| | miRNA | Gene expression | Preselected miRNAs/screening method | Tissue source/experimental model | Target genes and/or pathophysiological effect | References |
| | miR-1 | ↑ | miRNA selected from [77, 78] | H9c2 cells exposure to high glucose levels | Block IGF-1 signal pathway inducing apoptosis | [33] |
| | miR-1 | ↓ | miR-1, miR-21, miR-133a, miR-499, miR-133b/1900 microRNAs approx. GeneChip miRNA arrays based on miRBase 17, Affymetrix | Mice heart/STZ-induced diabetic rat for 5 weeks (1 dose of 50 mg/Kg) | Junctin, which is involved in cardiomyocyte calcium handling | [34] |
| | miR-320 | ↑ | let-7e, miR-129, miR-291-5p, miR-320, miR-327, miR-333, miR-363-5p, miR-370, miR-494, miR-503, miR-664/274 miRNAs, microarray for miRNA based on miRBase 8, Exiqon | Myocardial microvascular endothelial cells/nonobese DMT2 animal model (Goto-Kakizaki rat) | IGF-1; angiogenic factor | [36] |
| | miR-133a | ↓ | miR-1, miR-9, miR-16, miR-20, miR-23b, miR-24, miR-26a, miR-30a-5p, miR-30d, miR-93, miR-122a, miR-133a/b, miR-146a/b, miR-187, miR-197, miR-203, miR-207, miR-297, miR-299-5p, miR-320, miR-324-3p, miR-326, miR-335, miR-341, miR-345, miR-346, miR-62, miR-369-5p, miR-370, miR-371–miR-374, miR-422b, miR-431, miR-432, miR-467m, miR-483, miR-487a, miR-497, miR-500, and miR-518d/miRVana microarray for 486 miRNAs, Ambion microarray | Mice heart/STZ-induced diabetic mice for 2 months (1 dose of 150 mg/Kg) | Cardiac hypertrophy | [29] |
| | miR-223 | ↓ | TaqMan MicroRNA Assays Human Panel Early Access, for 155 different miRNAs, Applied Biosystems | Human heart/biopsies of NGT and DMT2 patients | GLUT4; glucose uptake | [26] |
| | miR-373 | ↓ | miR-1, miR-20a, miR-21, miR-24, miR-29, miR-142-3p, miR-143, miR-195, miR-199a-3p, miR-220b, miR-208a, miR-221, miR-373, miR-499-3p, miR-700, miR-705/CapitalBio Mammalian miRNA Array V4.0, based on miRBase 12, CapitalBio Corp. | Mice heart/STZ-induced diabetic mice for 2 months (1 dose of 150 mg/Kg) | Cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis via mitogen-activated-protein kinase cascades pathway activation and RASA1, RAC1, TGFB3, and COL1A1 expression | [30, 31] |
| | miR-141 | ↑ | miR-141, miR-200c, miR-208b, miR-295/RT-PCR Array system for 376 miRNAs, SABiosciences | Mice heart/STZ-induced diabetic mice for 5 weeks (5 doses daily of 50 mg/Kg) | Slc25a3: regulator of the mitochondrial phosphate carrier expression, which is involved in ATP mitochondrial production | [38] |
| | miR-30d | ↑ | miRNA selected for diverse papers reviewed in [35] | Rat heart/STZ-induced diabetic rat for 3 days (3 doses of 35 mg/Kg/day); neonatal rat cardiomyocyte exposure to high glucose levels | FOXO3a; induction of cardiomyocyte pyroptosis and cardiac inflammation | [35] |
| | miR-34a | ↑ | miRNA selected from [79] | H9c2 cells exposure to high glucose levels | BCL-2; induction of apoptosis | [32] |
| | miR-150 | ↓ | miRNA selected from [80] | Neonatal rat cardiomyocyte exposure to high glucose levels | P300, which plays a role in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy | [28] |
| | miR-301a | ↑ | miRNA selected from [81, 82] | Mice heart/db/db mice of 13-14 weeks of age | Kv4.2 channel; electrical remodelling | [37] |
| | miR-451 | ↑ | 1300 miRNAs approx. Based on miRBase 19, miRNA microarray system 3D-Gene | Mice heart/obese mice fed with high fat diet for 20 weeks;
neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes exposure to palmitic acid | Cardiac hypertrophy through suppression of the LKB1/AMPK pathway | [39] |
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