Circulating Betatrophin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of studies included in this meta-analysis.

Study ID	Country	Study design	Betatrophin; (Elisa kit)	Case definition	Control source	Number^a	Age, yrs^b	Female, %^c	BMI, kg/m	Baseline matching	NOS
Ebert et al. (non-CD), 2014 [12]	Germany	CCS	Total (Phoenix)	T2DM on ADT	Nondiabetic	30/30	63/63	46.7/63.3	29.1/28.2	NA	7
Ebert et al. (CD), 2014 [12]	Germany	CCS	Total (Phoenix)	T2DM on ADT and CD	Nondiabetic with eGFR >50 mL/min/1.73 m^2	32/28	68/59	37.5/46.4	27.9/25.2	NA	7
Fu et al., 2014 [11, 19]	USA	CCS	Total (Phoenix)	T2DM	Nondiabetes	14/15	49.2/46.1	64.3/60.0	26.8/26.2	BMI, age	4
Fenzl et al., 2014 [20]	Austria	CCS	Full-length (EIAAB)	Obese T2DM on ADT	Obese nondiabetes	18/19	59.9/56.9	44.4/47.4	32.2/35.2	BMI, sex, and age	7
Chen et al., 2015 [14]	China	CCS	Full-length (EIAAB)	Newly diagnosed T2DM without ADT	NGT from REACTION study	112/137	60.7/60.2	48.2/54.7	23.4/23.0	BMI, sex, age, and blood lipid	8
Espes et al., 2014 [21]	Sweden	CCS	Full-length (EIAAB)	T2DM on ADT	Nondiabetes recruited through advertising	27/18	61.9/65.4	37.0/50.0	30.1/29.0	BMI, sex, and age	7
Hu et al., 2014 [15]	Spain	CCS	Full-length (EIAAB)	Newly diagnosed T2D without ADT	Healthy participants	83/83	48.4/48.0	37.3/34.9	25.1/25.3	Sex, age	6
Gómez-Ambrosi et al., 2014 [13]	Spain	CCS	Full-length (Cusabio)	Newly diagnosed obese T2DM without ADT	Obese NGT	15/75	49.2/47.3	53.3/49.3	39.0/39.4	NA	7
Yamada et al., 2015 [16]	Japan	CCS	Full-length (EIAAB)	T2DM on ADT	Healthy participants	30/12	56.0/55.6	50.0/41.7	25.7/22.7	Sex, age	5
Guo et al. (obese), 2015 [22]	China	CCS	Full-length (Aviscera Bioscience)	Obese T2DM	Obese NGT	19/20	45.4/40.8	42.1/50.0	33.5/33.0	NA	5
Guo et al. (overweight), 2015 [22]	China	CCS	Full-length (Aviscera Bioscience)	Overweight T2DM	Overweight NGT	23/23	50.7/49.4	56.5/56.5	28.0/27.1	NA	5
Guo et al. (lean), 2015 [22]	China	CCS	Full-length (Aviscera Bioscience)	Lean T2DM	Lean NGT	14/17	58.2/46.4	35.7/47.1	21.5/22.4	NA	5

ADT: antidiabetic treatment; BMI: body mass index; CCS: case-control study; CD: chronic hemodialysis; eGFR: evaluated glomerular filtration rate; NA: not available; NGT: normal glucose tolerance; NOS: the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus.
^aThe number of cases/number of controls.
^bMean age of cases/mean age of controls.
^cPercentage of females in cases/percentage of females in controls.
^dMean BMI of cases/mean BMI of controls.