Patient Activation in Type 2 Diabetes: Does It Differ between Men and Women?

Table 3

Stratified analyses for men and women.

Variables	Men				Women
	⁢Model (3)		⁢Model (4) (explorative)		⁢Model (3)		⁢Model (4) (explorative)
	⁢Adjusted (%) = 8.5%		⁢Adjusted (%) = 8.4%		⁢Adjusted (%) = 10.7%		⁢Adjusted (%) = 10.4%
	(95% CI)	value	(95% CI)	value	(95% CI)	value	(95% CI)	value
Age	−0.177 (−0.272, −0.083)	0.001	−0.173 (−0.272, −0.074)	0.001	−0.081 (−0.177, 0.015)	0.097	−0.075 (−0.176, 0.027)	0.150
WHO-5 score	0.152 (0.104, 0.201)	<0.001	0.149 (0.100, 0.198)	<0.001	0.166 (0.116, 0.214)	<0.001	0.166 (0.117, 0.215)	<0.001
EQ5D score	3.828 (−1.947, 9.603)	0.194	3.944 (−1.913, 9.800)	0.187	4.102 (−1.808, 10.013)	0.174	4.371 (−1.616, 10.358)	0.152
BMI	−0.220 (−0.394, −0.047)	0.013	−0.220 (−0.394, −0.046)	0.013	−0.104 (−0.265, 0.057)	0.207	−0.095 (−0.258, 0.068)	0.255
Smoking	1.839 (−0.387, 4.066)	0.105	1.866 (−0.374, 4.106)	0.103	0.894 (−2.153, 3.942)	0.565	0.810 (−2.262, 3.881)	0.605
MVC	−0.594 (−2.371, 1.183)	0.512	−0.704 (−2.500, 1.098)	0.442	−2.346 (−4.473, −0.220)	0.031	−2.333 (−4.468, −0.198)	0.032
Use of insulin	0.451 (−1.708, 2.610)	0.682	1.030 (−1.368, 3.427)	0.400	−0.149 (−2.438, 2.139)	0.898	0.423 (−2.284, 3.130)	0.759
Diabetes duration			−0.049 (−0.205, 0.108)	0.544			−0.024 (−0.185, 0.138)	0.775
HbA1c			−0.028 (−0.121, 0.065)	0.553			−0.055 (−0.164, 0.055)	0.327
Use of glucose lowering drugs			−1.427 (−3.483, 0.629)	0.174			0.750 (−1.452, 2.952)	0.504
Microvascular complications			0.184 (−1.973, 2.341)	0.865			0.115 (−2.358, 2.588)	0.926

BMI: body mass index; MVC: macrovascular complications; : unstandardized regression coefficients.