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| Policy makers | Providers | Researchers |
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(1) There is a lack of research which has focussed on diabetes care of older people with a South Asian background.
The growing numbers of older people from ethnic groups and burden of diabetes makes prevention and quality diabetes care a necessary priority for research and intervention.
There is a lack participation, or access to participation, in health research studies for older people and people from ethnic minorities (including South Asian ethnicity). | Policy to be interpreted and care delivered with specific needs of older people and people from ethnic minorities in mind.
Interventions need to be multilevel and system wide and promote engagement within diverse populations.
NHS research and data systems to make it easier, and clinicians to be proactive to include more older people and people from ethnic minorities in research. | Researchers to develop research methodologies, methods, and skills which facilitate participation in research by older people and people from ethnic minorities. |
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(2) Earlier onset & progression require earlier treatment for people with South Asian background.
The definition of “older” and ageing in relation to diabetes care and ethnicity can vary and this has implications for the timing of interventions. | Providers have an educative as well as treatment role so they need to be aware of differences in disease progression within diverse populations.
Provider organisations and practitioners to be aware of age in relation to diabetes care with proactive in targeting timely & appropriate interventions. | Research knowledge required concerning attitudes of different providers towards prevention, older people, sociodemographics, and behaviour change.
Researchers to further develop the concept of ageing in relation to diabetes care in diverse cultural groups. |
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| (3) The complicating associations between diabetes and other chronic & preventable diseases, for example, retinopathy, depression, and dementia to be considered in policy making for older patients with South Asian ethnicity. | Providers to be aware of the impact of complications on quality of life and quality of care. Also their role in prevention through integrated and cross disciplinary services.
Targeting of interventions to be based on stratification, detection, and diagnosis. | Researchers to carry out more research about complicating associations, for example, diabetes & dementia & depression.
Development of culturally relevant tools (and biomarker research to pick up risk earlier). |
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(4) Awareness of the heterogeneity with broad ethnic groups and the requirement for adaptable and culturally intelligent services to be promoted through policy.
Care planning to promote access requires an ethical and culturally intelligent approach. | Services to be flexible and communicate well with people across a cultural spectrum and also at an organisational level.
Care planning in different settings, for example, end of life, care homes to involve formal and informal care providers. | Researchers to engage and communicate and engage with culturally diverse people and services.
Researchers to build capacity for cross cultural and organisational health services research. |
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