Research Article

Urinary Excretion of Kidney Aquaporins as Possible Diagnostic Biomarker of Diabetic Nephropathy

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics of 12 diabetic patients (DM), 11 diabetic patients with nondiabetic nephropathy (NDN), and 12 patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). Data are expressed as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test. values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Diabetes mellitus (DM)Nondiabetic nephropathy (NDN)Diabetic nephropathy (DN) value

Number of patients121112

Sex (female/male)2/104/72/10

Age (years)DM versus NDN
DM versus DN
NDN versus DN

uCr (mg/dL)DM versus NDN
DM versus DN
NDN versus DN

CKD EPIDM versus NDN
DM versus DN
NDN versus DN

uACR (mg/g)DM versus NDN
DM versus DN
NDN versus DN

MAP (mmHg)DM versus NDN
DM versus DN
NDN versus DN

Plasma TG (mg/dL)DM versus NDN
DM versus DN
NDN versus DN

Total CHO (mg/dL)DM versus NDN
DM versus DN
NDN versus DN

BMI (kg/m2)DM versus NDN
DM versus DN
NDN versus DN

Antidiabetic agentsInsulin = 6
ADO = 6
Insulin = 3
ADO = 8
Insulin = 5
ADO = 6
None = 1

uCr, urine creatinine; CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration), estimated glomerular filtration rate; uACR, urine albumin/urine creatinine; MAP, mean arterial pressure; Plasma TG, plasma triglyceride levels; Total CHO, total plasma cholesterol levels; BMI, body mass index.