Research Article
The Effects of Lycopene and Insulin on Histological Changes and the Expression Level of Bcl-2 Family Genes in the Hippocampus of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Figure 2
Semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis of expressions of (a) Bcl-2 gene in the hippocampus of the studied rats. Amplification of the Bcl-2 gene (228 bp) compared with that of the GAPDH gene (461 bp). (b) The effects of insulin and lycopene on expression level of Bcl-2 gene at mRNA level in the hippocampus of the studied rats. †††, comparing (expression level of Bcl-2 gene) the untreated diabetic group (D) with the control group (C). , comparing (expression level of Bcl-2 gene) the untreated diabetic group (D) with the diabetic groups treated with lycopene (DL). ‡‡, comparing (expression level of Bcl-2 gene) the untreated diabetic group (D) with the diabetic group treated insulin (DI) and insulin and lycopene simultaneously (DIL). (c) Bcl-XL gene in the hippocampus of the studied rats. Amplification of the Bcl-XL gene (357 bp) compared with that of the GAPDH gene (461 bp). (d) The effects of insulin and lycopene on expression level of Bcl-XL gene at mRNA level in the hippocampus of the studied rats. †††, comparing (expression level of Bcl-XL gene) D with C, DI, and DIL. , comparing (expression level of Bcl-2 gene) D with DL. (e) Bax gene in the hippocampus of the studied rats. Amplification of the Bax gene (200 bp) compared with that of the GAPDH gene (461 bp). (f) The effects of insulin and lycopene on expression level of Bax gene at mRNA level in the hippocampus of the studied rats. †††, comparing (expression level of Bax gene) D with C, DI, and DIL. , comparing (expression level of Bax gene) D with DL. Bar graphs indicate the mean ± SEM ().
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